Vermiculture & Composting

 Vermiculture

It is refers to the process in which earthworms consume the farmyard's roughages or cow dung and converted into vermi protein as a product  Vermicompost. 

 

  • Vermicompost - It is an organic & natural manure, rich in nutrients & other plant growth substances.

  • Doses  - 250 - 500 gram/Bush


  • Species of Earthworm -

           Species      - Produce  "N"    - V.Compost

  1. Eudrilus eugeniae     -1.58% - 59 kgs/cycle
  2. Amynthas diffringes -1.42% - 52 kgs/cycle
  3. Eisenia Foetida          - 1.41% - 46 kgs/cycle
  4. Perionyx excavates   -1.36% - 43 kgs/cycle
  5. Lampito mauritti      - 1.30% - 39 kgs/cycle


  • Process to Preparation of Vermicompost -
  • 1.Construct a concrete tank 3 foot up from ground level in size of 10' X 4' X 1.5'(length X Breadth X Depth) with thatch roof.

  • 2. Use bio-waste chopped and heaped under sun for 5-7 days.  

  • 3. Feed 150 kgs cowdung + 250 litres water (ratio 3:5) and mixed well to make slurry.

  • 4. Add 350 kgs bio-waste & kept it 24 hours.

  • 5. On 4th day Earthworm (@ 2000 nos/pit) are released on the top of mixture from one side of tank.
  • 6. Cover the tank with jute bags and keep it for 15 - 20 days.

  • 7. After 20 days stirring it and sprinkle water to maintain the moisture 40 - 50%.

  • 8. After 50 - 55 days compost will ready.

  • 9. Then seperate the Earthworm and store Vermicompost in cool place.


  • Output of Vermicompost -
  1. 2 - 2.5 Quintal/Bed/Cycle
  2. In 1 year 4-6 harvesting cycle.



  • Vermi wash -The liquid received from the bed is vermiwash.


  • Uses of Vermiwash -

  1. In Foliar Spraying @ 1 litre solution in 5 litre water
  2. Ratio of applying 1:5 or 1:10



  •  Composting :- Composting is a microbial process that converts plant materials, grass & leaves into more usable organic soil


  • Process of Composting -


  • 1. Dig a pit in size of 5' x 5' X 5(LengthX Breadth X Depth).

  • 2. Spread a layer of weeds & juicy straws(residue of crops) on the ground of pit upto 1'( feet )thick.

  • 3. After that laying a layer of fresh dung upto 6" (inch) thick.

  • 4.Repeat the layering process 4 times with sprinkling water and when pit will full then cover it with top soil completely.

  • 5. After 4-5 months compost will be ready for broadcasting in field.



  • Output of Compost -It produce 1000 - 1200 kgs compost per pit.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Plucking in Tea

Image
  Plucking   The tender apical portion of shoots consisting of two to three leaves and the terminal buds are nipped of in Plucking.  Plucking System - Shoots may be plucked above Basal Janams Janams & Fish Leaves Janams, Fish Leaves & Single foliage leaf. Average Pluckers/ ha. - 10 Average Plucked leaves/Pluckers - 24 kgs Plucking Rounds - Completion of Plucking is called Plucking round.  Although 7 days round is most common. In year 30 - 32 rounds leaf plucked in a section or Tea Estate. Laterals - The branches of the primaries(growing shoots) are the laterals of the first order. 10 orders of laterals can be produced in a year. Plucking Standard - A bud & two leaves to be plucked.  Type of Plucking... Fine/Black Plucking -  All 1 +  Bud, All 2+ bud(Terminal bud & small 2 leaves & soft single Banjhies). Standard/Normal Plucking - Bud with small 2-3 leaves & soft single Banjhies. Medium Plucking - Bud with all 2-3 leaves & soft double Banjhies. Coarse Pluck
Read more

Kind of Chemical Poison

Image
  Chemical Poison Based on mode of entry in pest - These type of chemicals take entry into pest as mentioned. 1. Stomach Poison -  These Poison active when Pest has eaten sprayed part of plants. As - Emamectin Benzoate, Arsenic, Gamacsin 2. Contact Poison - These type of poison active when it comes contact with any pest. As- Fen npyroximate, Quinalphos, DDT, BHC Powder 3. Sysmetic Poison - It take place in plant's leaves & stem and when pest chew leaves, it has contaminate them. example - Thiamethaxome, Endosulfan,  4. Fumigants Poison - It is damaged by inhalation. Example -Alluminium Fosphide, Mithyle Bromite,Cloropicrin Based on mode of Action - it has effected the body parts as mentioned. 1. Physical poisons - Active with contact. 2. Nerve poisons - It effected on nurve system(paralysed) of pest. 3. Respiratory poisons - It damaged respiration system of pest. 4. Protoplasmic poisons - It damaged or kill living cells. 5. General poisons - Any other poison  caused for deat
Read more